• Interstitial radiation with I-125 inserted at open surgery, often with removal of the pelvic lymph nodes . With
ultrasound guidance, the isotope can also be inserted without an open incision.
• Lymph node sampling without open surgery (laparoscopic lymphadenectomy).
• Therapeutic trials using newer isotopes such as iridium-191 and palladium are under way.
• Neutron beam radiation therapy is also undergoing evaluation.
Stage B
Stage B tumors are palpable lumps that are confined to the prostate and do not penetrate the prostate capsule. The size and grade of the tumor determine the possibility for cure.
